March 2020 Volume 6 Issue 1 |
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Bacteriological Profile Of Isolates From Blood Culture At A Tertiary Care Centre Kanpur Deepak Sameer1, R. Sujatha*, Nidhi Pal2, Nashra A3 View/Download | Abstract »Blood stream infections (BSI) are the major cause of morbidity & mortality among patients admitted in Intensive care unit & surveillance of etiological agents in these infections are important for their prevention & treatment. Material and Methods: This study was an observational study carried out at the Department of Microbiology, Rama Medical College Hospital & Research College Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India from January 2020 to September 2020 Blood was collected from 2 different sites (avg. 8 mL per site) 20 minutes apart in every patient using strict aseptic precautions and inoculated immediately into BacT 9050 system —aerobic blood culture bottles with 0.025% of sodium polyanethol suffocate as anticoagulant. The positive blood culture bottles were sub cultured on Blood agar (BA) and MacConkey agar (MA) (HiMedia, Mumbai) and incubated aerobically at 370C for 24 hours. The isolates were identified based on colony appearance, gram stain and standard biochemical tests. Results: The culture positivity is 8.59%. The Spectrum of bacterial isolates were 74.07% GPC (Gram Positive cocci), 25.92% GNB (Gram Negative Bacilli). The common organisms isolated were CONS (Coagulase negative staphylococci) 48.14% and Staph. Aurous 18.51% and E.faecalis 7.40%. Conclusion: Clinical recognition of sepsis is not always straight-forward. Appropriate intervention requires an early a etiological diagnosis. |
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To study microbial etiology of catheter-associated urinary tract infection at a tertiary care hospital in kanpur R. Sujatha*, Nidhi Pal1, Deepak Sameer*, Nong3 View/Download | Abstract »Catheter-associated urinary tract infections, abbreviated as CA-UTIs are the most commonly faced hospital-acquired infections or nosocomial infections. CA-UTIs have been associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospital cost, and length of stay. Aim: To isolate and identify etiological agents responsible for CA-UTI. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Rama Hospital on 300 patients meeting the requirements of inclusion criteria during January 2018 to June 2018. Detailed history of the patients was recorded and symptoms pertaining to CA-UTI were recorded. Urine culture was done to identify the causative agent of CA-UTI. Symptomatic patients with urine culture showing growth after 48 hours of catheterization were taken as a case of CA-UTI. Results: A total of 300 patients were having indwelling urinary catheter with an aggregate of 1172 catheter days over a period of 6 months, in which 19 developed CA-UTI. The CA-UTI rate was 16.21 cases per 1000 catheter days. The mean age of study participants was 25 years and above. Most predominant etiological agents responsible for CA-UTI were Escherichia coli (36.8%), Candida species (31%), Klebsiella pneumonia (15%), Enterococcus faecalis(10%), Staphylococcus species(5%). Conclusion: Implementation of infection control practices is necessary for prevention and control of CA-UTI. The most common practices include hand hygiene, close drainage system, aseptic method for insertion and catheter care along with daily need assessment with evidence based observations. |
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Phenotypic characterization and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter species isolation from clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital at Kanpur Nidhi Pal1, Deepak Sameer2, R. Sujatha View/Download | Abstract »Acinetobacter is an important opportunistic pathogen and is a common cause of hospital acquired infections. Acinetobacter infections are often extremely difficult to treat because of their widespread resistance to the major groups of antibiotics. The study was conducted to determine prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter species isolated from various clinical samples. Aim: Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter species from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital in Kanpur. Materials and Methods: The present study was a prospective study conducted at Rama Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur, (U.P.). Total 350 samples were received from admitted patients. The isolated bacteria were identified by colony morphology, gram’s stain, microscopy and standard biochemical tests. The Acinetobacter species isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion test. Results: Out of 350 samples, species 312 were culture positive. Out of 312 isolates 100 (32.05) were Acinetobacter species isolated from ET tube secretions (39%), pus (20%), tracheal aspirate (18%), sputum (16%), Central line (5%) and blood (2%). Sensitivity was observed to Meropenem was 71%, Piperacillin -Tazobactum 20%, Amikacin 51%, Ceftazidime 12%. The Acinetobacter species showed 100% sensitive to Colistin Conclusion: The study will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns of Acinetobacter species in our region |
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To study the etiology, prevalance and antibiotic resistant pattern of urinary tract infection among pregnant women at a tertiary care centre in kanpur R. Sujatha1, Deepak Sameer2, Ritika3, Nidhi Pal View/Download | Abstract »Introduction:-Urinary tract infection (UTI) describes microbial colonization or inflammation of the bladder (cystitis), urethra (urethritis), or renal pelvis and kidneys (pyelonephritis).Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) commonly occur during pregnancy, due to the morphological and physiological changes that take place in the genitourinary tract. Aim:-The study aimed to determine the etiology, prevalence and antibiotic resistant pattern of urinary tract infection among pregnant women at a tertiary care centre in Kanpur. Material and Method:-A total of 250 pregnant women who were aged between 18 to 45 were selected for the study. Mid stream urine was collected following the standard protocol and immediately processed in the laboratory. Routine urinary microscopy and urine culture was done in all cases. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done following CLSI guidelines 2019. Results: In the present study, out of 250 samples prevalence of urinary tract infection in pregnancy was (16%) Most common organism isolated in urine cultures was E.coli (38%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (28%), K.oxytoca(19%), Staphylococcus species(11%) and Proteus mirabilis(4%).Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolated organism showed that Gentamicin was the most effective antibiotic. Conclusion: Since the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women was 16%, this study concludes that, Routine urine culture test should be carried out for all antenatal women, to detect prevalence and risk factors, and every positive case should be treated with appropriate antibiotic therapy, to prevent any obstetric complication which is associated with pregnancy. |
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Determination of Allium: in allium sativum (l.) Using thin layer Chromotography and high performance liquid Chromotography Nashra A1, R. Sujatha*, Deepak Sameer2, Nidhi Pal3 View/Download | Abstract »Background: Garlic contains approximately 33 sulfur compounds (aliin, allium, allicin, ajoene, allylpropyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, sallylcysteine, vinyldithiines, S-allylmercaptocystein, and others), several enzymes (allinase, peroxidases, myrosinase, and others), 17 amino acids (arginine and others), and minerals (selenium, germanium, tellurium and other trace minerals). These compounds possess antimicrobial, anticancerous, antifungal etc Aim and Objective: "Determination of Allium: In Allium Sativum (L.) Using Thin Layer Chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography" Material and Methods: The plant bulb of Allium sativum was collected from the Medicinal garden of Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Mandhana, Kanpur. The Identification of the plant specimen, Allium sativum was done from the “Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah.” The bioactive compound was isolated from Allium sativum by using multiple steps of purification and identified by rota evaporator, silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromotography (HPLC). Results: From A. sativum , organosulfur compounds ‘Allium’ was isolated which was the major compound in garlic also. It shows antibacterial properties. Rt values for allium was found to be 2.93. The compound gave good resolution value. Conclusion: The present study was successful in isolating the pure phytomolecule Allicin from the plant of Allium Sativum (L.) We have run the TLC of Allium sativum purified compound and obtained the Rf values with the use of suitable solvent system. |